США прекратят финансирование ЮНЕСКО из-за признания Палестинской автономии

Funding
Top 10 donators to the UN budget, 2011[58] Member state Contribution
(% of UN budget)
USA 22.000%
Japan 12.530%
Germany 8.018%
United Kingdom 6.604%
France 6.123%
Italy 4.999%
Canada 3.207%
China 3.189%
Spain 3.177%
Mexico 2.356%
Other member states 27.797%

The UN is financed from assessed and voluntary contributions from member states. The General Assembly approves the regular budget and determines the assessment for each member. This is broadly based on the relative capacity of each country to pay, as measured by their gross national income (GNI), with adjustments for external debt and low per capita income.[59]

The Assembly has established the principle that the UN should not be overly dependent on any one member to finance its operations. Thus, there is a 'ceiling' rate, setting the maximum amount any member is assessed for the regular budget. In December 2000, the Assembly revised the scale of assessments to reflect current global circumstances. As part of that revision, the regular budget ceiling was reduced from 25% to 22%. For the least developed countries (LDCs), a ceiling rate of 0.01% is applied.[59] In addition to the ceiling rates, the minimum amount assessed to any member nation (or 'floor' rate) is set at 0.001% of the UN budget. Refer to the table for major contributors.

 

Assessed Contributions to International Organizations

The administration’s budget requests $1.595 billion for U.S. membership dues to the United Nations, UN specialized agencies, and other multilateral organizations, which is $87 million less than the amount provided in the current fiscal year. The decrease is almost entirely due to a one-time credit for UN regular budget dues. The administration’s budget documents explain that, although the UN’s two-year regular budget was increased by 5.5 percent for 2010-11, member states were given a one-time “application of credits resulting from the UN having spent less than was budgeted in previous biennia.”

Funding requested for this account includes the following: $516.3 million for the UN regular budget, a decrease of $81.2 million from FY 2010 (as noted above); $75.5 million for the renovation of UN Headquarters, the same as FY 2010; $120.1 million for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), a $6.8 million increase; $85.2 million for the International Labor Organization (ILO), a $1.2 million increase; $84.8 million for the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), a $3.9 million increase; $109.4 million for the World Health Organization (WHO), a $2.8 million increase; $13.4 million for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, a $3.7 million reduction; and $17.3 million for the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, a $3.4 million decrease.

A total of $192.3 million was requested for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), including a $112.8 million assessed contribution and a $79.5 million voluntary contribution. The administration noted that the request “represents a significant increase of the U.S. contribution to the IAEA, continuing the effort to eventually double U.S. financial support to the agency.” United States contributions to the IAEA for the current fiscal year total $166.5 million.

Assessed Contributions for UN Peacekeeping

In committing the United States to “enhancing its engagement across the spectrum of ‘peace operations’”, the administration’s budget requests $2.18 billion for UN peacekeeping dues, an increase of $57.3 million from FY 2010. In its budget documents, the administration notes that UN peacekeeping has increased in scale and complexity, which “has stretched resources and has put current support mechanisms under increasing strain. To succeed, UN missions and contributors need to be better equipped and supported to fulfill ambitious mandates….” To improve the effectiveness of UN peacekeeping, the administration states that it is working to help provide credible and achievable mandates, to increase the availability and capacity of troop contingents, and to mobilize appropriate enabling assets, including in the areas of logistics, transportation, medical, and engineering.

As part of its budget request, the administration is recommending a one-year lifting of the statutory cap on U.S.-UN peacekeeping dues. Congress has temporarily adjusted the cap in recent years to allow the United States to pay in full its share of UN peacekeeping expenses.

Voluntary Contributions to International Organizations

The administration requests a total of $350.6 million to provide U.S. voluntary contributions to UN funds, programs, and other multilateral organizations, a decrease of $43.5 million from FY 2010.

 

США заявили о прекращении финансирования деятельности ЮНЕСКО, после того как организация включила в свой состав Палестинскую автономию в качестве полноправного участника.